Quantum Aware Distributed Ledger Technology …

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Fig. 10 Signature verification time of STS

ing an Intel Core i3 CPU (2.0GHz) and 8GBRAM with a 64-bit version of Windows

10. All these findings show that our proposed scheme is effective. The results show

that the Distributed Ledger STS production, signature formation, and main com-

pression times are 25%, 14%, and 55% lower than the WOTS scheme. In addition,

Blockchain-STS provides 79%, 76%, and 54% reductions in the primary generation,

signature creation/verification, and key compression times, sequentially, associated

with WOTS+. The graph in Fig.12 relates Blockchain-STS power usage to other stan-

dard STS systems. The findings show that Distributed Ledger STS Blockchain-STS

saves 47.9% of energy compared to the popular WOTS system. We also observed

the study of Damasevicius et al. in calculating energy consumption [40]. SciPhone

i+++ Cell Computer belongs to the testbed of the energy-related tests [41].

8

Conclusion

For IoT-based applications, Blockchain-for-IoT is a fully secured system based on

the quantum technology. The Blockchain-for-IoT discussed the problems of com-

bining the two distributing and IoT technologies. Blockchain-for-IoT is character-

ized by transaction-chaining, book cutting, low-weight agreement. Blockchain-for-

IoT is a distributed, quantum-based DL that customizes rules for the transaction

chain (as per standard specifications of IoT systems), develops a ledger pruning

mechanism, and implements a lightweight consensus mechanism. The Blockchain-

for-IoT building block is a new STS system, namely Blockchain-STS. Comparing

Blockchain-STS among typical STS schemes, Blockchain-STS is a lightweight, fast,

furthermore energy-efficient signature pattern. Compared with the famous Winter-

nitz OTS+ schema, Blockchain-STS offers a 75% reduction in signature dimension